Chapter 11 and 12 Study Guide

1. Match the following terms with their functions or definitions: astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, microglia, ependymal cell, Schwann cell, satellite cell, axon, dendrite, cell body, axon collateral, node of Ranvier, telodendria, axonal ending, tract, nerve, ganglia, nuclei.

2. Know the 4 types of neuron circuits.

3. What type of neurotransmitter receptor controls opening and closing of ion channels? Which causes reactions to happen inside the cell via a second messenger?

4. Define white matter, gray matter, presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron, fissure, sulcus, gyrus.

5. What neurotransmitter is released at neuromuscular junctions? What reduces sensation of pain?

6. Name all the places where cerebrospinal fluid circulates.

7. What type of domain integrates information to make a decision?

8. What does the primary motor cortex do? Where is it? What does the premotor cortex do? What does the primary somatosensory area do? Where is it?

9. Know the functions: thalamus, pineal gland, choroid plexus, basal nuclei, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, medulla, limbic system, reticular activating system.

10. Where do motor and sensory fibers cross over from one side of the nervous system to the other? What are the consequences of the crossover?

11. What meningeal layer is tough and attaches to skull? Beneath which does CSF circulate? Which is most delicate following the contours of the brain?

12. What are the elements of the blood-brain barrier?

13. How many nerves exit spinal cord in each subdivision?

14. What two regions of the spinal cord has bulges? What are they for?

15. In which activities do right and left cerebral hemispheres dominate?

16. What part of the spinal cord houses the synapses for voluntary motor neurons? Autonomic motor neurons? Sensory neurons?